Carpinus
Putuo Open Category: plants, nature, angiosperms, Betulaceae
Carpinus Putoensis Cheng
Betulaceae Betulaceae
Profile:
deciduous tree, up to 14m, diameter 70cm. Monoclinous strains. male inflorescence shorter than the female inflorescence .1930 Putuo Mountain in Zhejiang in Professor Zhong Guanguang found at 240m above sea level, identified in 1932 and named Professor Zheng Wanjun Putuo Carpinus, with the exception of only one specimen tree, but then not in the other places to have discovered. the national level to protect endangered species.
Putuo is a famous Buddhist holy places, temples visited Putuo people do not forget that the temple courtyard of a tree, called the Putuo Carpinus, the reason why it well known, but because it is the only one, was designated as a national protected plant. Putuo Putuo Temple hornbeam along with the importance of a visit scenic spots in Putuo.
Putuo Carpinus deciduous trees, 13 meters, diameter 70 cm. bark than light gray. Leaves alternate, ovate elliptic, 5-10 cm long, 3.5-5 cm wide; pinnate veins until the leaf margins serrated top. Flowers unisexual, monoecious . male inflorescence was born in the year twigs, drooping. female the consequences of order 2.5-3.5 cm long, drooping. If asymmetric long oval shell, with a small inner lobes. nutlets ovoid, 5-6 mm long.
Putuo temple only plants should be doubly protected from needless to say, the protection of other initiatives is the knot of the tree species research and thrive. Hangzhou Botanical Garden has been to try to grow successfully.
species name:
Latin name Carpinus putoensis Cheng
Chinese name Putuo Carpinus
La Dingke name Chinese family name Betulaceae Betulaceae
grade �� level of protection
State Key Protected Wild Plants (State Department August 4, 1999 approved )
distribution
Zhejiang (Zhoushan Island)
status of endangered species. Putuo Carpinus is endemic to China was only found in Putuo Zhoushan Island. as vegetation destruction, habitat degradation, is currently the only one preserved in island Fodingshan. because of the frequent strong winds during flowering and seed invasion, resulting in low seed set and seed is about to mature, complex and multi-Typhoon is blown, renewal very weak, but not under the tree and around the seedlings have been in endangered situation.
lower altitude (m) 240
maximum altitude (m) 240
morphological features:
deciduous tree, up to 13 meters, diameter 70 cm; bark gray, smooth, Branchlets grayish brown, sparsely pilose. leaf thickness of paper, ovate elliptic to broadly elliptic, 5 to 10 cm long, 5 cm wide and 3.5 A, apex acute or acuminate, base rounded or broadly cuneate, Mount with irregular edges like heavy serrated spines, following along the veins densely pubescent, with tufted hair between the axillary vein, lateral veins 11 for a 13 on; petioles 5 to 10 cm. Flowers unisexual, monoecious; male order the branches born 1 year, 2.5 a 3.5 cm long, drooping; fruit order, 4-8 cm long, 4-5 cm in diameter; order stems, order axes are sparsely pilose or almost glabrous, fruit shell half width of the middle lobe ovate, 2.5-3 cm, with a length of about 3 mm inside the base and within the fold of the small lobes ovate, lateral lobes free base, the lobes rounded or blunt tip, with irregular outer edge The sparse-like serrated teeth, the medial edge of the nearly entire, straight or slightly sickle was. small nut oval, 5 to 6 mm long, glabrous, with a few ribs. distribution area by the marine influence, the annual winter warm summer and cool, the annual average temperature is 16.3 ��, 1 monthly mean temperature of 5.5 ��, 8 monthly mean temperature of 26.8 ��, the warmest month average temperature of not more than 30.1 ��, the coldest month average temperature of not less than 3 ��, fog, a long period, about 90% relative humidity, the average 1200 mm annual precipitation, rain day is generally 150 days or more. The soil is red, pH 5.5 - 5.7, thick soil, organic matter content of 4.8%, higher fertility. Putuo Carpinus stable due to the long life of many in the clouds, high humidity in the habitat, more shade-tolerant. the original mother trees grow on the mosquito Distylium racemosum Sieb.et Zucc. for the dominant species of evergreen broad-leaved forest, is located only a sparse complex wood forest edge, associated plants are Camellia Camellia japonica L., Hung Nan Machilus thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc., Putuo camphor Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb.ex Nakai and so on. root system, with drought, wind resistance and other characteristics. male flowers in April First leaves open early, while female flowers and new leaves open. fruit at the end of September early October began to mature.
conservation value
rare plants endemic to China, is the only one in the preservation of species and natural scenery add Putuo Island areas have important significance of scenery.
protection
Putuo Mountain is designated as national key protected areas, natural scenery, and set the Authority, the protection of the species of great importance, in order to prevent the visitors pull down, around the plant has recently been Canadian Dam envelope. local authorities and the Hangzhou Botanical Garden has introduction, cultivation, and various propagation.
seed propagation and cultivation techniques Propagation. with seed multiplication, to adopt appropriate after sowing, due to seed Life is short, impatient storage .11 mid-sowing, unearthed in early April the following year, but the seeding rate is not high, delicate seedlings need shade. year seedling height 5 - 15 cm, were divided in the spring of the third planting, seedlings average height of 100 cm, the average base diameter of 1.5 cm. cutting propagation, seedlings with two years in mid-lateral branch cuttings in March, when the average height 8 cm, up to 17 cm.
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